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Saving Details from Research Papers You’ve Read

I read 212 research papers in the 12 months following June 2014. Some were for coursework. Some were for research. Some were just because I felt like it.

database screenshot

As anyone who knows me will tell you, my memory for details is not very good. I’m more of a big picture person. So I worry that I won’t retain much from this giant expenditure of time in reading research papers.

I’d like to describe my current system for saving information from research papers for later use. I have a few use cases for this effort:
Use Case 1: Upon writing a research paper, I want to know which papers I’ve read about the topic so that the literature review moves more smoothly.
Use Case 2: When I go to interview for a job at a university, I’d like to know which papers I’ve read from the faculty there. This may provide opening discussion topics.
Use Case 3: I’d like to save my ideas for follow-up actions (after reading papers) in one place.
Use Case 4: When topics in diverse fields reference the same topic, I’d like to be the person to connect the fields.

LOW TECH SOLUTION:
Last year, I saved the first page of every research paper I read in a binder with my hand-written notes on the first page. This provides a form of storage, but it is not at all searchable or cross-reference-able.

HIGH TECH SOLUTION:
This year, I designed a template that contains all the information about a paper that I want to save. I then designed an import process to port this information from the template (text document) to a database that I can query easily. Here is my process for that, including code and database setup:
1. Install MySQL (https://www.mysql.com/) locally on your most-used computer.
2. Create a database called “papers_read”.
3. Run the code in the attached files to create your database tables (The code is attached here as .txt because my website doesn’t allow me up to upload .sql. Just fix the extension so it is “.sql”): papers, authors, keywords, and notes.
4. Create a folder on your computer called “Paper Notes to Upload”. Put the following template file in the folder: template.
5. Install Python and the related library MySQLdb.
6. Save this Python code wherever you save your code: addNewFromTemplate (again, the extension has been changed to .txt for security reasons. Rename to .py). Update the “folder_to_add” directory in the code to point to the folder you created in step 4.

Now, whenever you read a paper:
A. Fill out the template with the paper details, and save the text file as something OTHER than ‘template.txt’ in the folder created in step 4.
B. When it is convenient (there may be multiple files to upload in the “Paper Notes to Upload” folder), run the Python code. This will upload your notes to the database.
C. Move the paper notes out of “Paper Notes to Upload” folder after uploading. If you run the code again with them still in the folder, they will be uploaded again.

Some notes on the template:
-Do not use colons in any of the fields you save, as the code uses colons to parse the document. If the title of the paper has a colon in it, use a comma instead.
-I grab the number of citations from Google Scholar by searching for the title of the paper.
-“Comma-separated Keywords” is for you to list the keywords in the paper, with a comma between each.
-In the authors section, be sure to delete any extra/unused author spaces. Feel free to add more if necessary, following the pattern of the first 6.
-Under Reading Details, the Hours to Read is how long it took you to read the paper in hours (can be decimal). The Not Read is a place to list sections/pages not read. The Skimmed is a place to list sections/pages quickly skimmed for which another read would be necessary to understand all the details. Reason Read is a reminder of why you read the paper. Methodology Used lets you list the methods used in the paper (i.e. survey, lab experiment, mathematical model, optimization, etc.), if that is relevant to your work.
-Under My Notes, “Keywords for me” lets you list more keywords that the paper did not list itself (comma-separated, again). FollowUp lets you list actions that should be done after reading the paper. Note1 through Note5 let you list notes to yourself about the paper. Limit each note to 200 characters and do not add more. No need to delete unused notes.

I hope this helps. It’s the process I use. Feel free to alter to fit your needs. Let me know if you use it and if you have any questions. All the code is my own and it is fairly fragile (but works for me); feel free to let me know if you have issues or a better solution.

INFORMS 2015 Presentations

Presentations I will be giving at INFORMS 2015, Nov 1-4:

1. Cluster: Manufacturing & Service Oper Mgmt/Sustainable Operations
Session Information : Sunday Nov 01, 13:30 – 15:00
Session Title: Incentives and Investment in Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency

Title: Demand Response, Energy Efficiency, And Capacity Investments In A Production Line
Presenting Author: Eric Webb,Graduate Student, Indiana University
Co-Author: Owen Wu,Indiana University
Abstract: Demand response (DR) programs incentivize industrial firms to halt production during times of peak electricity demand. We consider a firm faced with the option of investing in energy efficiency (EE) improvements at individual machines on the production line. When viewed in isolation, EE incentives may not be enough to induce the firm to invest in the socially optimal level of EE, due to the loss of DR revenue after installation. We suggest a new policy for EE incentives in light of DR.

2. Cluster: Manufacturing & Service Oper Mgmt/Healthcare Operations
Session Information: Tuesday Nov 03, 16:30 – 18:00
Session Title: Patients and Practice: Using the Right Resources to Deliver Care
Title: Incentive-compatible Prehospital Triage In Emergency Medical Services
Presenting Author: Eric Webb,Graduate Student, Indiana University
Co-Author: Alex Mills,Assistant Professor, Indiana University
Abstract: The Emergency Medical Services (EMS) system is designed to handle life-threatening emergencies, but a large and growing number of non-emergency patients seek healthcare through EMS. We evaluate the incentives underlying prehospital triage, where EMS staff are allowed to identify patients that could be safely diverted away from the hospital and toward appropriate care. Continued transition from fee-for-service payments to bundled payments may be necessary for prehospital triage implementation.

3 (I will be presenting). Cluster: Behavioral Operations Management
Session Information: Wednesday Nov 04, 08:00 – 09:30
Session Title: Behavioral Models in Operations Management
Title: Linking Customer Behavior And Delay Announcements Using A Probability Model
Presenting Author: Qiuping Yu,Assistant Professor, Indiana University
Co-Author: Kurt Bretthauer,Professor, Indiana University
Eric Webb,Graduate Student, Indiana University
Abstract: Service systems often offer announcements to customers about their anticipated delay. We empirically examine how announcements affect queue abandonment behavior using a duration model accounting for potential behavioral factors. Our results show announcements induce the reference effect and customers exhibit loss aversion. We also find evidence indicative of the sunk cost fallacy. We then provide insights for staffing and delay announcement policy accounting for observed behavioral factors.

4 (poster). Title: Using Past Scores and Regularization to Create a Winning NFL Betting Model
Presenting Author: Eric Webb, Graduate Student, Indiana University
Co-Author: Wayne Winston, Professor, University of Houston
Abstract: Is the National Football League betting market efficient? We have devised a profitable betting model that would win 52.9% of the 7,554 bets against the spread it would have made over 33 seasons. Scores from previous weeks are used to estimate the point value of each team’s offense and defense. These values predict next week’s scores, and a bet is placed against the advertised spread. The sum of squares of offensive/defensive point values are constrained to be less than a regularization constant.

My poster will be presented 12:30-14:30 on Monday, Nov. 2, so I have presentations every day of the conference. Come see me!

Book Review- How We Got to Now

How We Got to Now
by Steven Johnson, 2014

how we got to now

I particularly liked the conclusion of this book, in which the author points out that, in almost any innovative profession, one can follow the mainstream and make incremental progress and be accepted and useful, but perhaps not world-changing. However, it is only by combining previously disparate areas that truly innovative discoveries can be made.

A interesting theme throughout the book was that certain inventions were ripe for being invented and were often invented simultaneously by different people. After the building blocks for the invention are developed and the cultural zeitgeist aligns, the invention becomes inevitable. We remember certain inventors for becoming the first to make a useful, mass-market version of a product, but, in reality, it is likely that most/all of such inventions would have been created by someone else in swift fashion had the actual inventor failed.

Book Review- The Sports Gene

The Sports Gene
by David Epstein, 2013

sports_gene

This book includes a very interesting discussion of nature vs. nurture with regard to high performance athletes. While there were certain chapters on specific gene mutations/disorders that led to certain abnormally good athletes, the main takeaway (to me) is that your genes will predispose you for certain sports. Tall -> basketball. Lots of fast-twitch muscles -> sprinter. Lots of slow-twitch muscles -> marathoner. Training (the 10,000 hour rule, which is really the 1,000 to 40,000 hour rule) will help and can sometimes overcome genetic deficiencies, but genes play a bigger role in athletics than most people realize.

We listened to this book on tape. While the material is good, the reading was done by the author and was particularly bad. Note to authors: Don’t do a recording of your own book in which you try to imitate other people’s voices if you can’t do accents. All attempts to do so here were grating to my ears.

Keep Mike Leake

GOODYEAR, AZ - FEBRUARY 16:  Mike Leake #44 of the Cincinnati Reds poses during Photo Day on Saturday, February 16, 2013 at Goodyear Ballpark in Goodyear, Arizona.  (Photo by Jason Wise/MLB Photos via Getty Images) *** Local Caption *** Mike Leake

Mike Leake

I understand the business of sports, but I’d like to see the Reds not trade Mike Leake. They probably will tomorrow or the next day, but I’d like for them not to. He is our household’s favorite player. It’s rare nowadays you get to watch a player play his whole career with one team, and I’d like to see that here. Leake went straight to the majors after being drafted and has only spent one game in the minors in his career. He is a crafty pitcher and a good batter, and his last 4 games have been otherworldly (4-0, 0.60 ERA). The Reds have a chance to re-sign him in the offseason. Even if they don’t, they’ll get a compensatory pick (basically a pick between the 1st and 2nd rounds of the draft). I doubt the Reds would get much more than the equivalent of a first-round pick for Leake, so it doesn’t make sense to me to trade him. KEEP LEAKE!

To Montana and Back

Iceberg Lake

Maria and I just returned from a long vacation. Here is a brief synopsis of our epic journey (6148 miles driven):
July 4: Hosted a 4th of July party at our place.
July 5: Drove to Chicago. Watched Women’s World Cup Final with Maria’s brother Raphael and his girlfriend Mikala. Stayed overnight with them.
July 6: Watched Raphael’s Mad Science show. Wanted to goto the Field of Dreams in Iowa, but thunderstorms diverted us. Traveled to Milwaukee to goto a Brewers game.
July 7: Drove to Minneapolis. Went to the Mall of America. Went to dinner and a Twins game with Mike Petro.
July 8: Went to Roger Maris Museum in a mall in Fargo. Went to National Buffalo Museum and Frontier Village in Jamestown, ND. Spent night in Bismarck, ND.
July 9: Went to North Dakota State Capitol Building. Went to North Dakota Heritage Center. Went to Beulah, ND and took a tour of the Dakota Gasification Company (the only U.S. location that turns coal into natural gas). Drove to Theodore Roosevelt National Park (ND Badlands) and camped in the South Unit of the park.
July 10: Drove through the North Unit of Theordore Roosevelt National Park. Went to Fort Union Trading Post National Historic Site. Went to the Valley Pioneer Museum in Glasgow, MT. Spent the night in Havre, MT.
July 11: Maria went to the Wahkpa Chu’gn Buffalo Jump and Archaeological Site and Havre Beneath the Streets while Eric did some reading. Went to the Lewis and Clark Interpretive Center, Giant Springs State Park, and various waterfalls (Black Eagle, Rainbow, and Great Falls) in Great Falls, MT. Stayed the night in Missoula, MT (stumbling into the Missoula marathon and finding almost no hotel rooms available).
July 12: Went to Smokejumpers Museum in Missoula. Had brunch with Mike Druschel. Went to the Museum of the Americas in Polson, MT. Traveled to Lakeside, MT, where we were spending the week with Mike, Kalina, and Fiona (11 mo. old) Druschel. Drove up Black Tail Mountain in Lakeside. Visited Flathead Lake.
July 13: Went to Glacier National Park. Went to the Lake McDonald Lodge and hiked the Trail of the Cedars and Avalanche Lake.
July 14: Went to Waterton Lakes National Park in Canada. Hiked Lower Bertha Falls. Saw a bear at the Price of Wales Hotel. Drove to Many Glacier in Glacier National Park and hiked the Apikuni Falls trail.
July 15: Got a campsite at Apgar campground in Glacier. Did the Johns Lake hike with Kalina and Fiona. Hiked to Hidden Lake Overlook. Watched the sunset at Lake McDonald. Camped.
July 16: Went on a photo hike and saw St. Mary, Virginia, and Bering Falls. Saw Sunrift Gorge. Drove to Two Medicine and hiked to Running Eagle/Trick Falls. Stopped at Marias Pass.
July 17: Hung around the Druschel’s apartment with Kalina. Played with Fiona. Walked to Flathead Lake.
July 18: Got a campsite at Two Medicine in Glacier, camping with the Druschels. Took boatride to Twin Falls and hiked to waterfall. Saw a moose. Cooked dinner at the campground. Watched the sunset at Two Medicine Lake. Camped.
July 19: Woke up and drove to Many Glacier in Glacier National Park. Hiked to Iceberg Lake (10 miles roundtrip) with the Druschels. Walked into a lake filled with icebergs (picture above; it was cold). Saw another moose. While driving back to the Druschels on Going to the Sun Road, drove in a big-horned sheep stampede.
July 20: Left the Druschels and Glacier (Right before a fire broke out in Glacier on July 21 and closed half of the Going to the Sun road. Crazy). Went to the American Computer Museum in Bozeman, MT. Went to Yellowstone National Park, going to Gibbon Falls and Artist Paintpots. Camped in West Yellowstone, outside Yellowstone National Park.
July 21: Spent the day in Yellowstone. Went on Firehole Lake Drive (saw Great Fountain Geyser and White Dome Geyser spewing). Saw Firehole Lake. Saw Steady Geyser spewing. Drove to Midway Geyser Basin. Saw Grand Prismatic Spring and hiked nearby hill off of Fairy Falls Trail to get overhead picture of the spring. Went to Biscuit Basin, saw Sapphire Pool and Jewel Geyser spewing. Saw Old Faithful and Lion Geyser spewing. Maria took a tour of Old Faithful Inn. Eric went to see Riverside Geyser spewing. Drove to Grand Teton National Park. Camped in the Gros Ventre campsite.
July 22: Drove through the Grand Tetons. Re-entered Yellowstone. Went to Mud Volcano area, saw a buffalo sitting right next to a hot spring. Saw the Dragon’s Mouth Spring. Drove to Artist Point in Canyon Village and saw overlook of the Grand Canyon of Yellowstone and Lower Falls. Drove to Tower Falls. Saw the Upper Terraces in Mammoth Hot Springs. The town of Mammoth Hot Springs was overrun with mule deer. Drove to see Roosevelt Arch and waded into the Boiling River (big juxtaposition to Iceberg Lake). Exited Yellowstone via the Northeast Entrance after being stopped by a bison crossing. Drove along the Beartooth Highway and had phenomenal views. Stayed in Red Lodge, MT.
July 23: Drove to and saw Devil’s Tower National Monument. Got a flat tire and had to get a new one. Drove to Deadwood, SD and had dinner with Jessica Michak and friends. Went to Mt. Rushmore evening ceremony.
July 24: Went to the Minuteman Missile National Historic Site and saw the visitor center (getting tickets for tour of Delta-9 Launch Facility in the afternoon). Went to Wall, SD. Went to the Delta-1 missile silo and saw missile in ground and then did Delta-9 tour. Drove through Badlands National Park (and were going to camp, but it was like a desert: 90+ degrees with no shade). Drove to Mitchell, SD for the night.
July 25: Went to Corn Palace. Lunched in Omaha, NE. Went to Council Bluffs, IA. Were going to goto the Kansas City Royals game, but it looked like rain, so decided to drive back to Bloomington instead.